Student Progression Through Developmental Sequences in Community Colleges

Developmental education is designed to provide students with weak academic skills the opportunity to strengthen those skills enough to prepare them for college-level coursework. The concept is simple enough—students who arrive unprepared for college are provided instruction to bring them up to an adequate level. But in practice, developmental education (or “remedial” education, we use these terms interchangeably) is complex and confusing. Experts do not agree on the meaning of being “college ready,” and policies governing assessment, placement, pedagogy, staffing, completion, and eligibility for enrollment in college-level, credit-bearing courses vary from state to state, college to college, and program to program. The developmental education process is confusing enough simply to describe, yet from the point of view of the student, especially one with very weak academic skills and little previous success in school, it may appear as a bewildering set of unanticipated obstacles involving several assessments, classes in more than one subject area, and sequences of courses requiring three or more semesters of study before the student (often a high school graduate) is judged prepared for college-level work

A Study on the Effect on River Habitat Change by small dam removal - A Case Study of Gokreung 2 & Gotan Small Dam Removal

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

3D Cell Printed Tissue Analogues: A New Platform for Theranostics

Stem cell theranostics has received much attention for noninvasively monitoring and tracing transplanted therapeutic stem cells through imaging agents and imaging modalities. Despite the excellent regenerative capability of stem cells, their efficacy has been limited due to low cellular retention, low survival rate, and low engraftment after implantation. Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing provides stem cells with the similar architecture and microenvironment of the native tissue and facilitates the generation of a 3D tissue-like construct that exhibits remarkable regenerative capacity and functionality as well as enhanced cell viability. Thus, 3D cell printing can overcome the current concerns of stem cell therapy by delivering the 3D construct to the damaged site. Despite the advantages of 3D cell printing, the in vivo and in vitro tracking and monitoring of the performance of 3D cell printed tissue in a noninvasive and real-time manner have not been thoroughly studied. In this review, we explore the recent progress in 3D cell technology and its applications. Finally, we investigate their potential limitations and suggest future perspectives on 3D cell printing and stem cell theranostics.116Nsciescopu

EUTROPHICATION OF THE MAJOR RESERVOIRS IN KOREA

Trophic state of several major reservoirs in Korea are reviewed. Most of large reservoirs are mesotrophic to eutrophic, suffering bluegreen algal blooms. Recently many reservoirs are being eutrophied at high rate mainly due to the increase of excretion by livestock in watershed and netcage-type fishfarms within the lake basins. The trophic state changes of Lake Soyang, from oligotrophy to eutrophy in recent 10 years, are presented as a case study of rapid eutrophication. Chlorophyll a concentration increased from ca. 3mg/m³ in early 1980s to 15 mg/m³ in 1989. The dominant phytoplankton species in summer are changed from Peridinium to Anabaena since 1986 and the standing crop of Anabaena has been increasing. Secchidisc depth decreased from 5 to 1m. TP increased from 7 to 20 mgP/m³. The rate of hypolimnetic oxygen deficit increased year to year from 0.028 mgO₂/cm²/day in 1986 to 0.094 in 1989. Fishfarms within the lake are the major phosphorus source in Lake Soyang exceeding the total phosphorus loading from the watershed. This high rate of eutrophication is expected to persist in next decade.Article信州大学理学部付属諏訪臨湖実験所報告 7: 21-29(1991)departmental bulletin pape

Genome sequence of the chromate-resistant bacterium Leucobacter salsicius type strain M1-8T

Leucobacter salsicius M1-8(T) is a member of the Microbacteriaceae family within the class Actinomycetales. This strain is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium and was previously isolated from a Korean fermented food. Most members of the genus Leucobacter are chromate-resistant and this feature could be exploited in biotechnological applications. However, the genus Leucobacter is poorly characterized at the genome level, despite its potential importance. Thus, the present study determined the features of Leucobacter salsicius M1-8(T), as well as its genome sequence and annotation. The genome comprised 3,185,418 bp with a G+C content of 64.5%, which included 2,865 protein-coding genes and 68 RNA genes. This strain possessed two predicted genes associated with chromate resistance, which might facilitate its growth in heavy metal-rich environments.

Microspinning: Local Surface Mixing via Rotation of Magnetic Microparticles for Efficient Small-Volume Bioassays

The need for high-throughput screening has led to the miniaturization of the reaction volume of the chamber in bioassays. As the reactor gets smaller, surface tension dominates the gravitational or inertial force, and mixing efficiency decreases in small-scale reactions. Because passive mixing by simple diffusion in tens of microliter-scale volumes takes a long time, active mixing is needed. Here, we report an efficient micromixing method using magnetically rotating microparticles with patterned magnetization induced by magnetic nanoparticle chains. Because the microparticles have magnetization patterning due to fabrication with magnetic nanoparticle chains, the microparticles can rotate along the external rotating magnetic field, causing micromixing. We validated the reaction efficiency by comparing this micromixing method with other mixing methods such as simple diffusion and the use of a rocking shaker at various working volumes. This method has the potential to be widely utilized in suspension assay technology as an efficient mixing strategy

Adsorptive removal of CO2 from CO2-CH4 mixture using cation-exchanged zeolites

Raw natural gas and landfill gas contains methane as its major component, but it also contains considerable amounts of contaminants such as CO2 and H2S (i.e. acid gases) that can cause corrosion and fouling of the pipeline and equipment during transportation and liquefaction. Amine-based CO2 gas removal processes have been employed in the gas industry, but these processes have disadvantages including high regeneration energy requirements and inefficiencies; these issues have not been adequately solved to date. Currently, adsorptive acid gas removal technologies have received significant interest because of the simplicity of adsorbent regeneration by thermal or pressure variation1). Numerous micro- and mesoporous adsorbents including zeolites [2-3], titanosilicates[4], activated carbons[5-6], metal-organic-framework (MOF) [7], and silica-alumina materials[8-9] were studied for this type of application. However, the CO2/CH4 selectivity of the aforementioned adsorbents was not high enough for commercial applications.In this study, different cation-exchanged zeolites were synthesized, physicochemically characterized, and evaluated for adsorptive removal of CO2 from CO2-CH4 mixtures. The adsorption isotherms of CO2 and CH4 in the pressure and temperature ranges 0 − 3MPa and 10 – 40 oC, respectively, for different cation-exchanged zeolites were measured and compared. The ideal-adsorbed solution theory (IAST) was employed for the estimation of CO2/CH4 selectivity for the different cation-exchanged zeolites. References 1) D. Aaron, C. Tsouris, Separ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 40, 321–348 2) J. Collins, US Patent No. 3,751,878. 1973. 3) M. W. Seery, US Patent No. 5,938,819. 1999 4) W. B. Dolan, M.J. Mitariten, US Patent No. 6,610,124 B1. 2003 5) A. Kapoor, R.T. Yang, Chem. Eng. Sci. 1989, 44, 1723–1733 6) A. Jayaraman, Chiao, A. S.; Padin, J.; Yang, R. T.; Munson, C. L., Separ. Sci. Technol. 2002 37, 2505–2528 7) L. Hamon, E. Jolimaitre, G. Pringruber , Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2010, 49, 7497-7503 8) W.B. Dolan, M.J. Mitariten, US patent No. 2003/0047071, 2003 9) G. Bellussi, P. Broccia, A. Carati, R. Millini, P. Pollesel, C. Rizzo, M. Tagliabue, Micropor. Mesopor. Mat., 2011, 146, 134–14

Referral, Enrollment, and Completion in Developmental Education Sequences in Community Colleges

After being assessed, many students entering community colleges are referred to one or more levels of developmental education. While the need to assist students with weak academic skills is well known, little research has examined student progression through multiple levels of developmental education and into entry-level college courses. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the patterns and determinants of student progression through sequences of developmental education starting from initial referral. We rely primarily on a micro-level longitudinal dataset that includes detailed information about student progression through developmental education. This dataset was collected as part of the national community college initiative Achieving the Dream: Community Colleges Count. The dataset has many advantages, but it is not nationally representative; therefore, we check our results against a national dataset—the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Our results indicate that fewer than one half of the students who are referred to remediation actually complete the entire sequence to which they are referred. About 30 percent of students referred to developmental education do not enroll in any remedial course, and only about 60 percent of referred students actually enroll in the remedial course to which they were referred. The results also show that more students exit their developmental sequences because they did not enroll in the first or a subsequent course than because they failed or withdrew from a course in which they were enrolled. We also show that men, older students, African American students, part-time students, and students in vocational programs are less likely to progress through their full remedial sequences

A simple iterative independent component analysis algorithm for vibration source signal identification of complex structures

ABSTRACT:Independent Component Analysis (ICA), one of the blind source separation methods, can be applied for extracting unknown source signals only from received signals. This is accomplished by finding statistical independence of signal mixtures and has been successfully applied to myriad fields such as medical science, image processing, and numerous others. Nevertheless, there are inherent problems that have been reported when using this technique: insta- bility and invalid ordering of separated signals, particularly when using a conventional ICA technique in vibratory source signal identification of complex structures. In this study, a simple iterative algorithm of the conventional ICA has been proposed to mitigate these problems. The proposed method to extract more stable source signals having valid order includes an iterative and reordering process of extracted mixing matrix to reconstruct finally converged source signals, referring to the magnitudes of correlation coefficients between the intermediately separated signals and the signals measured on or nearby sources. In order to review the problems of the conventional ICA technique and to vali- date the proposed method, numerical analyses have been carried out for a virtual response model and a 30m class submarine model. Moreover, in order to investigate applicability of the proposed method to real problem of complex structure, an experiment has been carried out for a scaled submarine mockup. The results show that the proposed method could resolve the inherent problems of a conventional ICA technique